After the grain harvest in China, due to the humid climate, the inability to dry or the safe storage of water, the mold, germination and deterioration in the storage, transportation and processing, and the loss of the drying during the drying process can reach the total grain of China. The output is 5%, about 70 billion jin, and the economic loss is as high as 30-60 billion yuan. The grain loss in the year of abnormal climate is more serious. In addition, this year, the southern part of the country is rainy and wet in the south, and it is difficult to dry. Therefore, mechanization and drying of grain is an important guarantee for grain “granules returning to the warehouse”.

Promote heat pump drying and benefiting the country

Mechanized drying is an important part of the mechanization of grain production. It can effectively cope with the impact of severe weather in the harvest season, and at the same time accurately control the optimal moisture of the grain and improve the product grade. At present, more than 80% of the grain drying heat source is a coal-fired hot blast stove. Under the general trend of “prohibiting coal and reducing coal”, the country is in urgent need of “coal to electricity”.

In the past two years, with the gradual advancement of new rural construction and the government's growing concern about the three rural issues, the central and local governments have become more and more supportive of agricultural development and the scope of subsidies has become wider and wider. Drying of agricultural products has become more and more important as an important part of agricultural development, and drying equipment has been included in the scope of agricultural machinery subsidies. At present, air source heat pump grain dryers are widely used in Jiangsu, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Shanghai and other regions, and have been well received.

The air source heat pump is one of the most advanced and energy-efficient heating equipments in the world. With this equipment, the temperature is stable. Generally, the rice harvested on the same day can be dried within 24 hours without worrying about mold and broken; Second, it is safe and environmentally friendly. There is an open flame in the drying of coal stoves. It takes 24 hours to patrol to prevent fires, and the electric drying equipment does not need to be guarded and clean and environmentally friendly.

Today's "Nanjing Daily" reported that: Hewang Agricultural Machinery Professional Cooperative currently uses five air source heat pumps with a total capacity of 175 kW, with a total investment of 3 million yuan and a government subsidy of 1 million yuan. The cost per ton of grain for drying is 60 yuan, which is 20 yuan compared with the coal-fired hot blast stove. The annual drying capacity is 8550 tons, which can save 171,000 yuan per year. Not only that, it can also reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 4,200 tons per year, reduce sulfur dioxide emissions by 10 tons, and reduce nitrogen oxides and soot by 12 tons.

Solving the problem of drying large planters is a top priority

As for some of the issues in the promotion, Liu Qinghua, director of the Guangdong Institute of Modern Agricultural Equipment, talked a lot in his circle of friends -

The mechanized drying of rice is a bottleneck and an opportunity! This year's summer harvest has encountered extreme weather, and the vast majority of grain growers are complaining! In addition to painstaking thoughts, we need to form a joint force with our large grain producers, grain enterprises, governments, and equipment manufacturers to break through the last mile of grain production!

There are more than 4,000 large-scale rice farmers in Guangdong with more than 50 mu of rice. About 6% of the rice area in Guangdong is about 6%. With the acceleration of urbanization, this figure is rising rapidly. It is also impossible to dry the clothes by hand, so if you encounter extreme weather, you will be in trouble! There are currently 1,000 to 2,000 rice dryers in Guangdong, and the mechanized drying rate is about 6%. Most of them are concentrated in grain circulation and processing enterprises, and they are really few in the hands of large planters!

Why is this happening? It is because the drying process is a slow and even losing link! I have estimated that it is necessary to invest in a drying center. If it is normal, it will take 7 years to recover the cost. The large planters pay attention to the mechanization of cultivation, planting and harvesting, and they are powerless and unwilling to pay attention to drying again! Circulation and processing companies focus on drying because they are profitable! They can implement integrated construction of drying storage and processing.

What kind of mode is used to solve the mechanized drying of rice? At present, the main body of implementation is as follows: First, planting large households, second, circulation processing enterprises, and third, socialized service organizations. The identity of these three is constantly changing. For example, large-scale planters may integrate drying, storage and processing into grain enterprises. Socialized service organizations have also begun to transfer land to their own farming, and circulation processing enterprises have begun to demonstrate cultivation for food security and quality.

I think it is imperative to solve the drying problem of large planters. They belong to groups in the weak industry. If all goes well, they may have an income of about 500 yuan a year in mechanized farming. If they encounter extreme weather, they only dry the link. It may be worth the money! It is enough for a large planting household to have a 6-10t dryer. The funds are about 100,000. With the support of government policies or projects, it can not only solve the problem of a large number of grassroots problems, but also effective!

Large circulation processing, one or two counties in a county or city, their drying center is generally large, the radius of radiation can reach more than 50 kilometers, the impact of drying through the wet valley on the drying of rice in a region is huge! However, from all angles, it is still hoped that the planting of large households will coexist with the drying center of circulation processing! The pricing power of the rice purchase should be in the hands of producers.

The function of social service organizations needs to be improved! Compared with the large-scale planters, they have no relevant benefits. They only charge the drying fee. Compared with the large circulation processing enterprises, they do not have the function of purchasing and storing. However, there is a phenomenon in these two years. The agricultural machinery cooperative itself is also a large planter, or with planting. Large-scale marriages, in the premise of guaranteeing themselves, also engaged in social services.

The distribution of dryers in Guangdong 2000 is very uneven. The largest number of Jiangmen, there are hundreds of units, Huizhou can also, other Guangzhou, Dongguan, Zhongshan, Zhuhai is very small. There are about 100 units in Qingyuan and Shaoguan in northern Guangdong, which are basically in circulation and grain enterprises. Leizhou, Haifeng, Luoding, Taishan and Xingning benefited from the project of “Construction of Provincial Modern Grain Demonstration Zone” in the Plantation Department of the Agriculture Department. The drying situation has basically solved the problem of food and clothing, but there is still a lot of rigid demand. If you can change from a policy push to a market drive, it will be fine!

The popularization of dryers is closely related to the local grain production efficiency and economic development level. Zhuhai currently has about 10 dryers, but as long as they exert their strength, the area of tens of thousands of acres of rice is only a few dozen Dry machine, you can increase the drying rate to the first level in the country at once, and then send it first!

It is extremely difficult to really promote these: Lianjiang, the 4th in the province, the 4th in the state, the 5th in the 6th, the 7th in the 7th, the 8th in the spring, the 10th The collection of flowers, the planting area is 60-70 million mu, several counties like Huazhou, Yangchun, Wuhua, almost one dryer, do not know how their food this year?